{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Copies and Views"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from numpy import *\n",
    "import numpy as np"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 完全没有副本"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = np.arange(12)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "b = a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "array([ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9, 10, 11])"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 5
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "True"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 7
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b is a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "b.shape = 3, 4"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "(3, 4)"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 29
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**Python通过引用传递变量，函数调用过程中没有副本**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## View or Shallow Copy"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "c = a.view()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "False"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 11
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "c is a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "True"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 12
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "c.base is a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "False"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 13
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "c.flags.owndata"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "c.shape = 2, 6  # a的形状没有改变"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "(3, 4)"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 16
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "c[0, 4] = 1234  # a的数据改变了"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "array([ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9, 10, 11])"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 26
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = a[:, 1:3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s[:] = 10"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "array([[ 0, 10, 10,  3],\n       [ 4, 10, 10,  7],\n       [ 8, 10, 10, 11]])"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 32
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Deep Copy"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d = a.copy()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "False"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 36
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d is a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "False"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 38
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d.base is a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d[0, 0] = 9999"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "array([[ 0, 10, 10,  3],\n       [ 4, 10, 10,  7],\n       [ 8, 10, 10, 11]])"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 40
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = np.arange(12)**2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "i = np.array([1,1,3,8,5])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "array([ 1,  1,  9, 64, 25])"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 43
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a[i]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "j = np.array([[3, 4],[9,7]])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "array([[ 9, 16],\n       [81, 49]])"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 45
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a[j]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "palette = np.array([[0,0,0],\n",
    "                [255, 0, 0],\n",
    "                [0, 255, 0],\n",
    "                [0, 0, 255],\n",
    "                [255, 255, 255] ])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "image = np.array([[0,1,2,0], [0, 3, 4, 0]])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "array([[[  0,   0,   0],\n        [255,   0,   0],\n        [  0, 255,   0],\n        [  0,   0,   0]],\n\n       [[  0,   0,   0],\n        [  0,   0, 255],\n        [255, 255, 255],\n        [  0,   0,   0]]])"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 48
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "palette[image]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "mu, sigma = 2, 0.5\n",
    "v = np.random.normal(mu, sigma, 100000)\n",
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "data": {
      "text/plain": "(array([3.28691448e-04, 0.00000000e+00, 9.86074345e-04, 1.20520198e-03,\n        3.17735067e-03, 5.03993554e-03, 1.01894349e-02, 1.43528599e-02,\n        2.50901139e-02, 3.82377718e-02, 6.23418113e-02, 8.91849463e-02,\n        1.33558292e-01, 1.87134998e-01, 2.42902980e-01, 3.24199332e-01,\n        4.17438139e-01, 5.07937851e-01, 5.73237886e-01, 6.51247323e-01,\n        7.32981930e-01, 7.60482447e-01, 8.03321899e-01, 7.81080445e-01,\n        7.66508457e-01, 7.09973528e-01, 6.38647484e-01, 5.59651973e-01,\n        4.80108642e-01, 3.76351708e-01, 3.04368281e-01, 2.31398780e-01,\n        1.66208309e-01, 1.16137645e-01, 9.21431693e-02, 5.96027159e-02,\n        3.58273679e-02, 2.02693060e-02, 1.56676257e-02, 8.43641384e-03,\n        3.83473356e-03, 2.73909540e-03, 1.53389343e-03, 6.57382896e-04,\n        3.28691448e-04, 2.19127632e-04, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00,\n        0.00000000e+00, 1.09563816e-04]),\n array([-8.85609969e-02,  2.71001171e-03,  9.39810203e-02,  1.85252029e-01,\n         2.76523038e-01,  3.67794046e-01,  4.59065055e-01,  5.50336063e-01,\n         6.41607072e-01,  7.32878081e-01,  8.24149089e-01,  9.15420098e-01,\n         1.00669111e+00,  1.09796211e+00,  1.18923312e+00,  1.28050413e+00,\n         1.37177514e+00,  1.46304615e+00,  1.55431716e+00,  1.64558817e+00,\n         1.73685918e+00,  1.82813018e+00,  1.91940119e+00,  2.01067220e+00,\n         2.10194321e+00,  2.19321422e+00,  2.28448523e+00,  2.37575624e+00,\n         2.46702724e+00,  2.55829825e+00,  2.64956926e+00,  2.74084027e+00,\n         2.83211128e+00,  2.92338229e+00,  3.01465330e+00,  3.10592430e+00,\n         3.19719531e+00,  3.28846632e+00,  3.37973733e+00,  3.47100834e+00,\n         3.56227935e+00,  3.65355036e+00,  3.74482136e+00,  3.83609237e+00,\n         3.92736338e+00,  4.01863439e+00,  4.10990540e+00,  4.20117641e+00,\n         4.29244742e+00,  4.38371842e+00,  4.47498943e+00]),\n <a list of 50 Patch objects>)"
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "execution_count": 6
    },
    {
     "output_type": "display_data",
     "data": {
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     "metadata": {
      "needs_background": "light"
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    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "plt.hist(v, bins=50, density=1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
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}